1 00:00:00,180 --> 00:00:04,650 All right, so in this video, I'm going to run through some of the essential terminal commands for 2 00:00:04,650 --> 00:00:07,660 navigation, for moving around on your machine. 3 00:00:07,920 --> 00:00:09,870 We need this in order to work with it. 4 00:00:09,960 --> 00:00:17,160 If you already know these commands, things like Ellyse and P and C, D, if you know those commands, 5 00:00:17,160 --> 00:00:18,570 feel free to skip this, of course. 6 00:00:18,960 --> 00:00:21,750 But if you don't, I'm going to run through this quickly. 7 00:00:21,750 --> 00:00:27,030 But also, I recommend you take some time to practice and just keep a reference or a cheat sheet up 8 00:00:27,030 --> 00:00:31,110 that you can look back at, because I'll be using a lot of these commands throughout the course, but 9 00:00:31,110 --> 00:00:32,700 nothing super difficult, I promise. 10 00:00:33,030 --> 00:00:34,450 The hardest part is just remembering them. 11 00:00:35,010 --> 00:00:37,830 OK, so I've got my Mac window here. 12 00:00:37,830 --> 00:00:40,640 I've got my terminal open, just the terminal app on Mac. 13 00:00:40,650 --> 00:00:45,630 So if you're following along with a Mac, you'll look at the screen and then occasionally when there 14 00:00:45,630 --> 00:00:50,870 is a small deviation or difference on a Windows machine, here is my Windows terminal. 15 00:00:50,880 --> 00:00:54,020 This is the Basche or Get Bash show that I've opened up. 16 00:00:54,240 --> 00:00:57,780 So if you install that on a Windows machine, it will look something like this. 17 00:00:58,140 --> 00:01:00,590 So the first command we'll talk about is called LC. 18 00:01:00,720 --> 00:01:06,240 It is short for list list the contents of a folder or of the current directory. 19 00:01:06,990 --> 00:01:12,780 So if you type Ellas into your terminal and you hit enter wherever you currently are and we haven't 20 00:01:12,780 --> 00:01:13,800 learned how to move yet. 21 00:01:13,950 --> 00:01:18,900 So we'll talk about where we currently are, wherever that location is, we will see the contents printed 22 00:01:18,900 --> 00:01:19,050 out. 23 00:01:19,770 --> 00:01:25,740 So in this case, I'm in the folder that contains some JavaScript files, HTML file access file, Alamo's 24 00:01:25,740 --> 00:01:28,350 Python file, a folder called Secret. 25 00:01:28,530 --> 00:01:30,870 That is what's printed out at least in this slide. 26 00:01:31,560 --> 00:01:34,740 So if I try it over here, this is a brand new terminal window. 27 00:01:34,740 --> 00:01:35,790 I just made a new tab. 28 00:01:35,790 --> 00:01:36,750 I haven't moved. 29 00:01:36,750 --> 00:01:38,190 I haven't talked about moving. 30 00:01:39,090 --> 00:01:40,050 Where am I? 31 00:01:40,500 --> 00:01:47,070 Well, I'm at a location called the Home Directory, and it's abbreviated or it's symbolized by this 32 00:01:47,070 --> 00:01:48,060 Tildy character. 33 00:01:48,390 --> 00:01:51,150 You can find that above a tab key on most keyboards. 34 00:01:51,420 --> 00:01:55,230 Anyway, my home directory contains a lot of a lot of things. 35 00:01:55,230 --> 00:01:58,800 If I hit Ellyse, you won't see all of these. 36 00:01:59,160 --> 00:02:05,400 Some of them are standard on a Mac like applications, desktop documents, downloads, public pictures. 37 00:02:05,610 --> 00:02:07,440 Some of them are my folders. 38 00:02:07,440 --> 00:02:11,580 I've made like, you know, get demo and get stuff. 39 00:02:12,450 --> 00:02:13,080 What else? 40 00:02:13,080 --> 00:02:13,680 Pets. 41 00:02:15,330 --> 00:02:16,330 Terminal demo. 42 00:02:16,410 --> 00:02:18,880 Those are my folders I've made anyway. 43 00:02:18,900 --> 00:02:22,710 You'll see something, right, you'll see the contents of your home directory. 44 00:02:22,980 --> 00:02:25,380 And if you're on a Windows machine, we can do the same thing. 45 00:02:25,390 --> 00:02:26,310 You can get Basche. 46 00:02:26,790 --> 00:02:32,580 So Ellas now I see different things because there are different files and folders on a Windows machine, 47 00:02:33,150 --> 00:02:35,820 but I'm in the same location on this Windows machine. 48 00:02:36,120 --> 00:02:38,370 Tildy, that is my home directory. 49 00:02:39,120 --> 00:02:41,460 All right, so we can't move right now. 50 00:02:41,490 --> 00:02:47,490 We're just simply looking at files and folders in one location and I'm going to show you a command that 51 00:02:47,490 --> 00:02:50,010 I don't have a slide for on a Mac. 52 00:02:50,010 --> 00:02:51,090 The command is open. 53 00:02:51,360 --> 00:02:57,210 If we type open dot, it's actually going to open up in Finder on a Mac. 54 00:02:57,210 --> 00:03:01,390 The file explorer is called Finder, the same directory where I currently am. 55 00:03:01,740 --> 00:03:03,360 So this is my home directory. 56 00:03:03,600 --> 00:03:08,160 And if you've never used the terminal, you're probably familiar with this sort of navigation, right? 57 00:03:08,730 --> 00:03:11,700 If I want to look at, you know, my courses folder, I double click. 58 00:03:12,360 --> 00:03:14,890 If I want to go back, I click the back arrow. 59 00:03:16,200 --> 00:03:19,270 That's kind of the basic navigation without the terminal. 60 00:03:19,650 --> 00:03:23,070 Now, if I'm on a Windows machine, the open command actually does not work. 61 00:03:24,630 --> 00:03:29,890 It tells me command not found, but instead I can do start dot. 62 00:03:30,150 --> 00:03:32,820 This is really the one major difference I can think of so far. 63 00:03:33,450 --> 00:03:36,240 And then this opens up the Windows equivalent of Finder. 64 00:03:36,240 --> 00:03:38,850 I think it's called File is a file explorer. 65 00:03:39,310 --> 00:03:41,760 Not much of a Windows user anyway. 66 00:03:41,760 --> 00:03:45,720 I probably shouldn't admit that you can see the folders and files that are listed here. 67 00:03:45,990 --> 00:03:47,820 So we've got pictures as an example. 68 00:03:48,180 --> 00:03:50,310 And if I do start Dot, I can see. 69 00:03:50,310 --> 00:03:51,660 All right, here's the pictures folder. 70 00:03:51,960 --> 00:03:55,110 We have videos, there's a videos folder there. 71 00:03:55,530 --> 00:03:59,070 So all of those things that we see represented here are also here. 72 00:03:59,220 --> 00:04:03,540 It's just two different ways of interacting or viewing the contents of this folder. 73 00:04:04,260 --> 00:04:04,710 All right. 74 00:04:05,070 --> 00:04:06,900 So that's Ellyse on its own. 75 00:04:07,110 --> 00:04:08,670 Just ls nothing. 76 00:04:08,670 --> 00:04:12,600 Afterwards you hit enter and it shows us what it's in the current directory. 77 00:04:13,020 --> 00:04:20,160 But I can also use us on a folder so I could say, you know what's inside this pets' folder and all 78 00:04:20,160 --> 00:04:22,200 I need to do is reference the path. 79 00:04:22,530 --> 00:04:24,840 So the name in this case is Pets'. 80 00:04:24,840 --> 00:04:25,920 So Elspeth's. 81 00:04:26,990 --> 00:04:32,860 And that's what's inside that PED's folder, and I can actually open that folder, too, if I just do 82 00:04:32,870 --> 00:04:37,220 open pets and it opened on my other screen. 83 00:04:37,230 --> 00:04:38,080 Let me drag this up. 84 00:04:38,240 --> 00:04:38,800 There we are. 85 00:04:38,840 --> 00:04:41,780 You can see those content cats, chickens, hamsters and so on. 86 00:04:42,410 --> 00:04:42,920 All right. 87 00:04:43,490 --> 00:04:45,130 I'll do that on a Windows machine as well. 88 00:04:45,140 --> 00:04:52,400 Let's say I want to know what is inside of this gett course directory so I can do Ellas get and I need 89 00:04:52,400 --> 00:04:57,920 to spell it correctly, but I can also hit tab to autocomplete and it looks like it's an empty directory. 90 00:04:57,950 --> 00:04:59,640 Well that's my fault for picking that one. 91 00:04:59,990 --> 00:05:00,800 Let's try another one. 92 00:05:00,950 --> 00:05:04,130 How about what is in gets stuff. 93 00:05:04,280 --> 00:05:09,350 I don't know, I don't remember making that but we'll try to get stuff. 94 00:05:10,230 --> 00:05:15,680 OK, there's one folder called Demo, not very exciting but hopefully you get the idea here. 95 00:05:15,710 --> 00:05:18,120 We can use less with nothing afterwards. 96 00:05:18,680 --> 00:05:20,450 Also, there's a command called the Clear. 97 00:05:20,460 --> 00:05:24,800 I'll just show because I'll be using this kind of annoys me when I have a lot of stuff in my terminal. 98 00:05:25,550 --> 00:05:26,390 So that goes away. 99 00:05:27,380 --> 00:05:29,180 So that has nothing to do with navigation. 100 00:05:29,870 --> 00:05:33,530 So I was everything else on its own will list the contents of our current directory. 101 00:05:33,860 --> 00:05:38,510 Ellyse followed by the name of a directory like I could do pets. 102 00:05:38,540 --> 00:05:41,390 As I've shown you, I see the files and pets. 103 00:05:41,600 --> 00:05:43,160 It's a bunch of folders actually. 104 00:05:43,460 --> 00:05:50,120 And if I wanted to look at, let's say, the goats directory or how about the cats directory, I can't 105 00:05:50,120 --> 00:05:54,440 do ls cats because there is no cats directory where I currently am. 106 00:05:54,770 --> 00:05:56,860 Remember, this is what I see, right. 107 00:05:56,870 --> 00:06:00,530 I currently interviewing or I'm inside this home directory. 108 00:06:00,530 --> 00:06:01,520 That's what I see when I type. 109 00:06:01,520 --> 00:06:05,810 I was I have to type out the path to access cats. 110 00:06:06,080 --> 00:06:07,370 It's inside of pets. 111 00:06:07,670 --> 00:06:11,000 So it's actually this allows pets, cats. 112 00:06:12,120 --> 00:06:12,780 And there we are. 113 00:06:12,910 --> 00:06:13,840 It's one of my cats. 114 00:06:13,860 --> 00:06:17,450 Her name is Blue Blue Steel and that's all. 115 00:06:17,460 --> 00:06:21,430 I'll show you what else we can reference these paths where we chain things together. 116 00:06:22,170 --> 00:06:24,150 Anyway, the next command, I'll show you. 117 00:06:24,420 --> 00:06:25,280 It's pretty simple. 118 00:06:25,680 --> 00:06:29,520 It's called P W.D. for print working directory. 119 00:06:29,880 --> 00:06:32,400 And what this will do, it's very simple. 120 00:06:32,460 --> 00:06:34,470 It just print out your current location. 121 00:06:34,650 --> 00:06:37,660 It prints out the path to where you currently are. 122 00:06:38,130 --> 00:06:39,660 So we haven't been able to move. 123 00:06:39,660 --> 00:06:39,900 Right. 124 00:06:39,900 --> 00:06:41,760 We haven't changed locations yet. 125 00:06:42,510 --> 00:06:46,020 We've been able to peek into other folders with less. 126 00:06:46,290 --> 00:06:53,160 But P W.D. is if I just type it like that, it's going to give me the exact location where I am right 127 00:06:53,160 --> 00:06:53,490 now. 128 00:06:53,790 --> 00:06:56,370 So the home directory here is just short. 129 00:06:56,370 --> 00:07:00,000 That little Tildy is a short way referencing this location. 130 00:07:00,480 --> 00:07:02,550 My user on here, it's called Cold Steel. 131 00:07:02,850 --> 00:07:04,320 That is where I currently am. 132 00:07:04,710 --> 00:07:09,630 But if I'm on my Windows machine, it's going to it's quite different and similar, but it's different 133 00:07:10,050 --> 00:07:12,800 because on a Windows machine, we've got this C drive, right? 134 00:07:12,810 --> 00:07:18,410 So C slash users slash cold steel and that's obviously going to be your username. 135 00:07:18,930 --> 00:07:20,460 So probably not cold steel. 136 00:07:20,970 --> 00:07:23,130 So that is where we currently are. 137 00:07:23,190 --> 00:07:25,680 If I type D, that's my location. 138 00:07:25,920 --> 00:07:30,510 And that brings me to our next command, which is code for change directory. 139 00:07:30,870 --> 00:07:32,430 This is how we move around. 140 00:07:32,760 --> 00:07:38,460 It's the equivalent if I do open, it's the equivalent of double clicking on one of these things. 141 00:07:38,460 --> 00:07:38,740 Right. 142 00:07:38,760 --> 00:07:40,200 And moving between folders. 143 00:07:40,200 --> 00:07:42,810 I'm now in a different folder you could think of. 144 00:07:42,930 --> 00:07:44,310 This is my current directory. 145 00:07:44,560 --> 00:07:49,980 Now, if I click here, this is my current directory and if I click in pictures, that's my current 146 00:07:49,980 --> 00:07:52,230 directory and there's one of my chickens, Stoebe Chicks. 147 00:07:52,560 --> 00:07:53,000 All right. 148 00:07:53,460 --> 00:07:58,440 So if I want to change directories from the terminal, which I'll be doing all the time in the course, 149 00:07:58,620 --> 00:08:03,150 I use CWD, followed by the directory that I'm trying to change into. 150 00:08:05,090 --> 00:08:11,540 So I often you tell us first, what do we have, let's go into this code directory, you probably don't 151 00:08:11,540 --> 00:08:15,320 have that, but you could pick any other folder of yours and CD into it. 152 00:08:16,160 --> 00:08:17,900 So CD code. 153 00:08:19,240 --> 00:08:24,910 All right, so my prompt changes, it tells me I'm in the code folder, your prompt will look different, 154 00:08:24,910 --> 00:08:28,000 but it should light it likely will reveal to you where you are. 155 00:08:28,510 --> 00:08:35,200 But if not, you can always type D and we see, oh, now I'm in users called steal code. 156 00:08:35,920 --> 00:08:42,130 So just to illustrate this, if I were to open the current folder, now I'm in the code folder, not 157 00:08:42,130 --> 00:08:45,430 the home directory and I can continue to move. 158 00:08:45,430 --> 00:08:47,260 But first if I type Ellas. 159 00:08:48,180 --> 00:08:50,110 Now we see completely different contents. 160 00:08:50,540 --> 00:08:56,550 A lot of stuff in this code folder just from one of my other courses and I could take a look at any 161 00:08:56,550 --> 00:08:58,370 of these other locations. 162 00:08:58,380 --> 00:09:02,730 How about S.O.S, intro for Success intro. 163 00:09:03,000 --> 00:09:11,750 So CD 004 and I'm just going to hit tab to autocomplete for me and if I cd into that I type W.D. if 164 00:09:11,760 --> 00:09:12,630 I can spell it. 165 00:09:13,600 --> 00:09:19,810 Notice my working directory, my current location has changed, and if I type ours, we now see the 166 00:09:19,810 --> 00:09:27,070 contents and if I open, this is what we're looking at and finder text properties, S.O.S intro and 167 00:09:27,070 --> 00:09:28,960 then a zip file right there. 168 00:09:29,860 --> 00:09:31,180 Same thing on a Windows machine. 169 00:09:31,540 --> 00:09:35,560 If I pick some folder to CD into how about. 170 00:09:36,670 --> 00:09:37,240 I don't really know. 171 00:09:37,240 --> 00:09:41,130 I don't have much on here but let's go into desktop. 172 00:09:41,140 --> 00:09:42,380 Maybe I'm not sure what's on there. 173 00:09:42,670 --> 00:09:47,650 So CD desktop and I'm going to clear. 174 00:09:48,620 --> 00:09:55,820 And now, if I type would my working directory, my location has changed, I'm now on my home directory 175 00:09:56,090 --> 00:10:01,700 see such user slash cold steel on a Windows machine slash desktop if I type Aulus. 176 00:10:02,150 --> 00:10:03,510 Oh, there's nothing on here. 177 00:10:03,530 --> 00:10:04,580 Wow, that's underwhelming. 178 00:10:05,660 --> 00:10:13,110 And that actually leads me to my next command, which is a variation of CD CD followed by two dots. 179 00:10:13,370 --> 00:10:14,810 This is how we move backwards. 180 00:10:15,390 --> 00:10:17,750 So remember I showed you this example and finder. 181 00:10:17,880 --> 00:10:25,460 If I open this up, if I want a CD into this CD, if I want to double click in and then I decide I want 182 00:10:25,460 --> 00:10:27,400 to go back, I just click the back arrow. 183 00:10:28,160 --> 00:10:36,110 But using CD, what we actually can do is CD Dot Dot and this will take us back one level, one folder 184 00:10:36,740 --> 00:10:37,700 so we back up. 185 00:10:38,060 --> 00:10:41,340 So currently I'm in this case intro folder. 186 00:10:42,410 --> 00:10:43,490 This is what's inside of it. 187 00:10:44,000 --> 00:10:47,300 If I do CD, Dot Dot and I type W.D.. 188 00:10:48,280 --> 00:10:49,300 This is where I am now. 189 00:10:49,870 --> 00:10:55,360 That's where I was before, I'm now one level back right here and I could do it again. 190 00:10:56,190 --> 00:10:58,370 But first, let me just show you the contents. 191 00:10:58,690 --> 00:10:59,620 All that stuff. 192 00:11:01,240 --> 00:11:01,820 Dot, dot. 193 00:11:02,860 --> 00:11:04,630 Now I'm back in my home directory. 194 00:11:05,230 --> 00:11:06,300 So same thing over here. 195 00:11:06,610 --> 00:11:08,960 I'm in the desktop or I'm on the desktop. 196 00:11:08,980 --> 00:11:10,050 There's nothing to look at. 197 00:11:10,390 --> 00:11:11,810 It's empty CD. 198 00:11:11,830 --> 00:11:12,490 Dot, dot. 199 00:11:13,700 --> 00:11:17,930 And now I'm in my home directory, so that's the very basics of navigation. 200 00:11:18,170 --> 00:11:23,360 We'll get more practice in the next video as we talk more about some other commands, like making folders 201 00:11:23,360 --> 00:11:30,890 and files and deleting folders and files along with those commands we still need to use and else all 202 00:11:30,890 --> 00:11:31,250 the time. 203 00:11:31,580 --> 00:11:33,320 So you'll get practice if you're new to this. 204 00:11:33,320 --> 00:11:39,110 But also, keep in mind, you're not going to just, you know, memorize it and become a terminal genius 205 00:11:39,110 --> 00:11:39,670 overnight. 206 00:11:39,920 --> 00:11:44,060 It takes time and it feels a little bit clunky when you're starting out. 207 00:11:44,330 --> 00:11:47,450 You don't need to feel like an expert before you move on to learn. 208 00:11:47,450 --> 00:11:52,850 Get just make it eat some sticky notes to remind yourself that, you know, five or six commands that 209 00:11:52,850 --> 00:11:56,390 we cover and stick them on your computer and just look at that if needed. 210 00:11:56,720 --> 00:11:58,550 Anyway, that's the basics of navigation. 211 00:11:58,820 --> 00:12:07,850 We covered allies for list for working directory and CD for change directory, CD Outbacks out one folder. 212 00:12:08,000 --> 00:12:14,600 And the other thing we did was open open doors will open a folder, the current folder that we're looking 213 00:12:14,600 --> 00:12:16,990 at and on a Windows machine it's start.